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Key to subfamilies
1. Pronotum scalloped anteriorly, partly or completely overlapping the rear of the head. Uniformly green coloured insects.
2
Pronotum rounded anteriorly, never overlapping the rear of the head.
3
2. Pronotal margins almost parallel, not laterally expanded.
subfam. Orthoderinae
Pronotum markedly dilated into a rhomboidal or pentagonal shape.
subfam. Choeradodinae
3. Anterior femora with deep pit between first and second external spines, into which tibial claw fits.
4
Anterior femora without such a pit between first and second external spines.
5
4. Eyes markedly bulging, with their dorsal edges reaching at least as far and often beyond the crown of the vertex.
Uniformly brown coloured, living on bark.
subfam. Liturgusinae
Eyes nearly flat, their dorsal edges never reaching as far as the crown of the vertex. Uniformly green coloured.
subfam. Caliridinae
5. Pronotum depressed, the sides nearly parallel, or gradually widening from posterior to anterior, the anterior edge therefore at least as broad as the posterior edge; no, or only a weak, supra-coxal bulge.
Anterior tibia more or less compressed.
subfam. Tarachodinae
Pronotum more or less arched, the anterior edge not broader than the posterior edge, the supra-coxal bulge more or less marked, occasionally spread out in lobes, the sides therefore not parallel.
Anterior tibia not compressed.
6
6. Posterior tibia with dorsal keels.
subfam. Vatinae
Posterior tibia smooth, rounded.
7
7. Anterior femora with 5-7 external spines. Supra-anal plate never markedly prolonged.
8
Anterior femora with 4 external spines, exceptionally with 5, and then either the
supra-anal plate markedly prolonged, lanceolate or the hind wings vividly coloured and the legs without lobes.
9
8. Ventral surface of anterior femora between external and internal rows of spines flat. Pronotum not compressed, rounded dorsally. Legs never lobed. Mostly green insects.
subfam. Photininae
Ventral surface of anterior femora between external and internal rows of spines keeled. Pronotum compressed, keeled. Legs often lobed. Brown insects.
subfam. Toxoderinae
9. Anterior tibia with 1 or 2 dorsal spines distally.
10
Anterior tibia without spines on dorsal surface.
11
10. Pronotum without, or with only a delicate longitudinal keel. Female with fully developed wings. New world species.
subfam. Oligonychinae
Pronotum with a markedly raised, toothed longitudinal keel. Female brachypterous. Oriental species.
subfam. Haaniinae
11. Medial apical lobe of anterior coxa more or less expanded, lamelliform; larger than lateral lobe. Delicate and often very slender insects.
subfam. Thespinae
Medial apical lobe of anterior coxa not expanded.
12
12. Anterior femora with 1 to 3 discoidal spines.
Antennae mostly ciliated or thickened.
13
Anterior femora with 4 discoidal spines, exceptionally with 3 and then anterior tibia robustly armed and antennae neither ciliated nor thickened.
15
13. Anterior tibia without spines, apart from tibial claw.
subfam. Compsothespinae
Anterior tibia with spines in addition to tibial claw.
14
14. Small insects with thin antennae and round or bluntly conical eyes.
subfam. Iridopteryginae
Large rod-shaped insects, with strongly thickened antennae and sharply pointed conical eyes, directed anteriorly and superiorly.
subfam. Schizocephalinae
15. Brown, leaf-like insects. Pronotum with various foliaceous lateral expansions. Legs always lobed. Head without projections.
subfam. Deroplatinae
Green or brown, but never leaf-like insects. Pronotum simple or with regular but never foliaceous lateral expansions. Legs simple or lobed. Head mostly with projection.
16
16. Middle and hind femora with large lobes, extending almost the length of the limb. Head with projection on vertex.
subfam. Phyllotheliinae
Middle and hind femora simple, or at most with a small preapical lobe.
17
17. Eyes sharply conical with terminal spike, directed laterally.
subfam. Oxyothespinae
Eyes rounded or at most bluntly conical, directed superiorly.
18
18. Antennae and costal margin of elytra of male ciliated.
Small or at most medium sized insects.
subfam. Amelinae
Antennae and costal margin of elytra of male not ciliated. Mostly large insects.
19
19. Anterior tibia shortened with few spines, the claw groove in the distal half of the femur. Rod-shaped insects.
subfam. Angelinae
Anterior tibia not shortened, the claw groove in the proximal half of the femur.
20
20. Head with projection on forehead or vertex. Legs always with lobes.
subfam. Sibyllinae
Head without projection, or at most with a hump near the eye. Legs only rarely with small preapical lobes.
subfam. Mantinae
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Key to genera
1. Frontal sclerite broader than high. Eyes slightly cone-shaped, but blunt
genus Orthodera
synonym Bolidena Blanchard
Frontal sclerite higher than broad. Eyes clearly cone-shaped and somewhat tapered.
genus Orthoderina
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single genus Choeradodis
synonym Craurusa Burmeister
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Key to genera
1. Pronotum in form of heraldic shield, edges more or less dilated anteriorly.
2
Pronotum with edges parallel or convergent anteriorly.
5
2. Costal area of elytra as wide as half the discoidal area.
genus Theopompa
synonym Theopompella G-Tos
Costal area of elytra much narrower than half the discoidal area.
3
3. Edges of pronotum with spines.
genus Zouza
synonyms Jalla G-Tos, Tosa Navas
Edges of pronotum without spines.
4
4. Pronotum almost as wide as long. Female elytra very short.
genus Elaea
- Elaea transferred to Amelinae in Ragge and Roy 1967
Pronotum much longer than wide. Female elytra at least as long as abdomen.
genus Humbertiella
synonym Theopompula G-Tos
5. 3 discoidal spines.
6
4 discoidal spines.
7
6. 4 posterior femora spined inferiorly.
genus Ciulfina
Transferred by Key 1970 to Iridopteryginae
4 posterior femora simple.
genus Stenomantis
7. Pronotal disc with markedly raised tubercles.
8
Pronotal disc without markedly raised tubercles.
11
8. Posterior femora with lobule or tooth inferiorly near tip.
9
Posterior femora simple.
10
9. Vertex without projection above ocelli.
genus Majanga
synonym Pantelica Saussure & Zehntner
Vertex with projection above ocelli.
genus Majangella
10. Internal apical lobes of anterior coxa divergent.
genus Melliera
synonym Phaeomantis Beier 1931
Internal apical lobes of coxa contiguous.
genus Mellierella
synonym Papuspilota Werner
11. Discoidal vein of wings bifurcate.
12
Discoidal vein of wings simple.
14
12. Supra-anal plate large, not transverse.
genus Gonatista
Supra-anal plate small, transverse.
13
13. Top of vertex with tubercles next to eyes.
genus Dactylopteryx
synonym Phloeomantis G-Tos
Top of vertex without tubercles.
genus Gonatistella
14. Supra-anal plate small, transverse.
genus Liturgusella
Supra-anal plate large, covering tip of abdomen.
15
15. Anterior tibia with 7-8 external spines, the sixth from the apex much longer.
genus Liturgusa
synonym Liturgousa (err. transcript.) Saussure
Anterior tibia with 8 external spines, the sixth not longer.
genus Hagiomantis
+ Xystropeltis Rehn 1935
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Key to genera
1. Internal apical lobes of anterior coxa adjacent.
genus Deromantis
Internal apical lobes of anterior coxa divergent.
2
2. Wings clear.
genus Leptomantis
synonym Aetaella Hebard
Wings coloured.
3
3. Metazone of pronotum not conspicuously narrow.
genus Caliris
Metazone of pronotum conspicuously narrow.
genus Gildella
synonym Gilda G-Tos (non Gilda Walker)
- Also included by Beier: Hebardia Werner, Hebardiella Werner
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Key to genera
1. Claw groove very near base of anterior femur.
2
Claw groove more or less distant from base of anterior femur.
10
2. Anterior coxa jutting out beyond posterior border of pronotum.
3
Anterior coxa not jutting out beyond posterior border of pronotum.
8
3. Eyes conical.
genus Charieis
Eyes rounded.
4
4. Anterior tibia with 8-9 external spines.
5
Anterior tibia with more than 9 external spines.
6
5. Supra-anal plate large, almost as long as broad, the tip rounded.
genus Antistia
Supra-anal plate short, transverse.
genus Ariusa
6. Anterior metatarsi and cerci cylindrical.
genus Tarachodella
Anterior metatarsi and cerci compressed.
7
7. 4 posterior femora rounded.
genus Tarachodula
4 posterior femora compressed.
genus Tarachodes
8. Top of vertex excavated, the eyes jutting out beyond the vertex.
genus Oxyopthalmellus
Top of vertex convex or flat, the eyes not jutting out beyond the vertex.
9
9. Elytra of male as long, or nearly as long, as the abdomen.
Pronotum of female without tubercles.
genus Galepsus
synonym Paragalepsus Beier
Elytra of male short, not exceeding the middle of the abdomen.
Pronotum of female with two blunt tubercles behind the supra-coxal groove.
genus Paralygdamia
10. Centre of apex of vertex prolonged in a triangular protuberance.
(Not two adjoining juxta-ocular lobes with similar appearance, c.f. Didymocorypha)
genus Pyrgomantis
Centre of apex of vertex not prolonged.
11
11. Lateral lobes of apex of vertex protruding more or less beyond the superior border of the eyes.
12
Lateral lobes of apex of vertex not protruding beyond superior border of the eyes.
13
12. Lateral lobes of vertex only protruding a little beyond the eyes.
genus Oxyophthalma
Lateral lobes of vertex protruding considerably beyond the eyes and forming a triangular process similar to Pyrgomantis but split at the tip.
genus Didymocorypha
13. Anterior femora dilated, the superior border straight or a little bowed.
14
Anterior femora thin, the superior border a little concave.
15
14. Eyes without spines.
genus Paroxyophthalmus
Eyes terminating in a long spine.
genus Episcopus
? equivalent to Beier's Episcopomantis
15. Eyes rounded.
genus Dysaules
Eyes pointed.
genus Parepiscopus
- Beier also includes Oxyelaea G-Tos, Pseudogalepsus Beier, Plastogalepsus Beier, Nesogalepsus Beier
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Key to tribes
1. Anterior coxa with distal lamelliform expansion.
tribe Danuriini
Anterior coxa without distal expansion.
2
2. Cerci compressed, foliaceous.
tribe Heterochaetini
Cerci cylindrical.
3
3. Head without projections.
tribe Stagmatopterini
Head with prolonged ocellar tubercles.
tribe Vatini
Tribe Danuriini
Key to genera
1. Anterior femora with triangular lobe on superior border before the end.
genus Popa
Probably also includes Macropopa G-Tos.
Anterior femora without lobe on superior border before the end.
2
2. Middle tibiae without inferior lobe.
genus Danuria
Middle tibiae with superior and inferior lobes.
genus Macrodanuria
Beier includes Danuriella Westw., although description in G-Tos says no coxal expansion
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Tribe Heterochaetini
Key to genera
1. Eyes extended into a spine
genus Heterochaeta
Eyes not extended into a spine
genus Stenovates
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